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1. NATIONAL ANTHEM SUPER BOWL PRO
2. NATIONAL ANTHEM SUPER BOWL PROFESSIONAL
3. NATIONAL ANTHEM SUPER BOWL SERIES

As she sang, tens of thousands of people packed into the stadium waved miniature American flags. Radiating a moment of optimism as the US-led military of Operation Desert Storm dominated Iraqi forces in the Persian Gulf, Houston’s voice activated a renewed wave of patriotic pride. Her rendition was an ecstatic gospel ballad, a sacred hymn to the nation. By 1973, the US Olympic Committee attempted to skip the anthem at a qualifying meet to avoid controversy. Interestingly, the controversy arose not during a football game but during the Olympics, when, in 1968, American sprinters Tommie Smith and John Carlos raised their Black fists on the medal podium to protest racial injustice. Playing the anthem at every game became a flashpoint in the 1960s. Roosevelt ordered that baseball continue, and in that moment patriotism and the business of sport became forever linked. Baseball was declared “nonessential,” player rosters were decimated and the 1918 season cut short.Īt the start of the Second World War, President Franklin D.

NATIONAL ANTHEM SUPER BOWL PRO

During the First World War, baseball executives argued that their business was vital to morale on the home front and that pro athletes should be exempt from the military draft. World war raised the stakes of patriotic rhetoric for pro sports.

NATIONAL ANTHEM SUPER BOWL SERIES

At the first World Series in 1903, “The Star-Spangled Banner” was played twice in a single game.

NATIONAL ANTHEM SUPER BOWL PROFESSIONAL

The song was rare in the early days of professional baseball, as only opening day or a championship merited the expense of hiring a band to play it. On May 15, 1862, a brass band played Key’s song before a baseball game to dedicate Brooklyn’s new Union Base-Ball Grounds. The first documented performance of “The Star-Spangled Banner” at an American sporting event occurred during the US Civil War. As I explain in my book, the Civil War sanctified Key’s song, making it the only viable choice as the nation’s anthem when in 1931 Congress finally got around to declaring it so. Chapters in my book examine Key’s authorship, life and relationship to slavery the origin of the tune its long-standing use in protest and how it became the rallying cry of the Union. In the book “O Say Can You Hear?: A Cultural Biography of ‘The Star-Spangled Banner,’” I explore US history through its national anthem.

American democracy is by definition a chaotic experiment, yet many Americans today may be united less by patriotism than by a shared anxiety – a feeling that the nation is in crisis, the fear of a breaking point.

Yet military action brews in Ukraine, and battles at home are waged over public health mandates, voting rights, schoolbooks and the value of American lives Black, white, brown and blue.